Pycnogenol
Also known as: pine bark extract, french maritime pine bark, pinus pinaster
Recommended Dosage
50–200 mg
Pycnogenol is a patented French maritime pine bark extract standardized to 65-75% procyanidins, with over 160 published clinical studies. It demonstrates broad cardiovascular benefits including blood pressure reduction, improved endothelial function, and reduced leg edema. Additional evidence supports benefits for joint flexibility (osteoarthritis), blood sugar regulation, skin photoprotection, and cognitive function. Its mechanism involves both antioxidant activity and NF-κB-mediated anti-inflammatory effects.
TL;DR: Patented French maritime pine bark extract with 400+ published studies. Evidence for cognitive function, cardiovascular health, and skin aging. Contains procyanidins similar to grape seed extract.
Quick Facts
Evidence
Grade B
Studies
2
Interactions
2
Forms
1
Evidence Rating: Grade B — Moderate Evidence
Some RCTs with positive results, or strong observational evidence. More research may refine our understanding.
Interaction Warnings
May stimulate immune function — potential interaction with immunosuppressants.
May have mild antiplatelet effects.
Important Notes
- Patented extract — generic pine bark extracts may differ
- One of the most-studied botanical antioxidants (400+ published studies)
- May take 4-8 weeks for full effects
Clinical Evidence (2 studies)
Pycnogenol supplementation and cognitive function in the elderly
Belcaro G et al. (2014) — J Neurosurg Sci
Pycnogenol 150mg/day for 3 months significantly improved cognitive function, attention, and mental performance in healthy elderly
View on PubMedPycnogenol for chronic venous insufficiency and cardiovascular risk
Gulati OP (2014) — Phytother Res
Systematic review confirming Pycnogenol reduces cardiovascular risk markers, improves endothelial function, and reduces leg swelling
View on PubMedAlternatives to Consider
These supplements target similar goals and may be worth considering alongside or instead of Pycnogenol.
Grape Seed Extract
Grade BRich source of proanthocyanidins (OPCs) with strong antioxidant activity. Evidence for blood pressure reduction, skin protection, and vascular health. Well-tolerated with few side effects.
Vitamin E
Grade BFat-soluble antioxidant important for cell membrane protection, immune function, and skin health. Moderate doses (200-400 IU) appear safe and beneficial. High doses (>400 IU) linked to increased mortality risk in meta-analyses. Choose mixed tocopherols and natural forms.
CoQ10 (Ubiquinol)
Grade ACritical for mitochondrial energy production. Q-SYMBIO trial showed 43% cardiovascular mortality reduction in heart failure. Depleted by statins.
Related Supplements
Grape Seed Extract
Grade B — Moderate EvidenceRich source of proanthocyanidins (OPCs) with strong antioxidant activity. Evidence for blood pressure reduction, skin protection, and vascular health. Well-tolerated with few side effects.
Vitamin E
Grade B — Moderate EvidenceFat-soluble antioxidant important for cell membrane protection, immune function, and skin health. Moderate doses (200-400 IU) appear safe and beneficial. High doses (>400 IU) linked to increased mortality risk in meta-analyses. Choose mixed tocopherols and natural forms.
Omega-3 Fish Oil
Grade A — Strong EvidenceEssential fatty acids with strong evidence for cardiovascular and mental health. EPA-dominant for mood; triglyceride form for absorption.
Lutein
Grade B — Moderate EvidenceCarotenoid concentrated in the retina and brain. Strong evidence for eye health; emerging evidence for cognitive function.
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⚕️ Important Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you take medications or have health conditions.
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